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Sectoral Agenda 21 Human Settlement : agenda for developing sustainable quality of life

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In industrialized countries, the consumption patterns of cities are severely stressing the global ecosystem, while settlements in the developing world need more raw material, energy, and economic development simply to overcome basic economic and social problems. Human settlement conditions in many parts of the world, particularly the developing countries, are deteriorating mainly as a result of the low levels of investment in the sector attributable to the overall resource constraints in these countries. In the low-income countries for which recent data are available, an average of only 5.6 per cent of central government expenditure went to housing, amenities, social security and welfare.1 Expenditure by international support and finance organizations is equally low. For example, only 1 per cent of the United Nations system's total grant-financed expenditures in 1988 went to human settlements,2 while in 1991, loans from the World Bank and the International Development Association (IDA) for urban development and water supply and sewerage amounted to 5.5 and 5.4 per cent, respectively, of their total lending On the other hand, available information indicates that technical cooperation activities in the human settlement sector generate considerable public and private sector investment. For example, every dollar of UNDP technical cooperation expenditure on human settlements in 1988 generated a follow-up investment of $122, the highest of all UNDP sectors of assistance. This is the foundation of the "enabling approach" advocated for the human settlement sector. External assistance will help to generate the internal resources needed to improve the living and working environments of all people by the year 2000 and beyond, including the growing number of unemployed - the no-income group. At the same time the environmental implications of urban development should be recognized and addressed in an integrated fashion by all countries, with high priority being given to the needs of the urban and rural poor, the unemployed and the growing number of people without any source of income.

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Availability

B1004623

364.464 IND s

Archivelago Indonesia Marine Library - Perpustakaan Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan

Available

Detail Information

Series Title

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Call Number

364.464 IND s

Publisher

Jakarta : Sectoral Agenda 21 Project, kerjasama dengan Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup dan UNDP., 2001

Collation

xiii, 133 hlm.

Language

English

ISBN/ISSN

979-8362-32-2

Classification

364.464

Content Type

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Media Type

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Carrier Type

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Edition

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Subject(s)

Lingkungan Hidup

Specific Detail Info

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Statement of Responsibility

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